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下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Critically discuss exams as a means of assessment,文章讲述考试是教育场所的一种常见方法,是对学生的普通评估之一。根据考试的定义,它是对材料,产品或服务的无损检查,调查或测试,以确定学生是否符合规格或要求(《商业词典》)。看来考试是非常客观和有效的。但是,作为教育,通过严格考虑将考试作为一种评估方式来倡导学生,是我们的责任和荣幸。
论文代写
Critically discuss exams as a means of assessment

    Examination, as a common method in educational sites, works as one of ordinary assessments for students. Based on the definition of examination, it is a non-destructive inspection, investigation, or testing of materials, products, or services to determine students’ conformation to specifications or requirements (Business Dictionary). It seems that examination is very objective and effective. However, as educates, it is our responsibility and honor to advocate for students through critically considering the examination as a mode of assessment.

Examination analysis and assessments tend to focus on broad institutional metrics and are very important to the success of students. In terms of this, examination has various functions in educational behaviors. For example, examination could stimulate students to study harder, examination could diagnose if students have understood the knowledge and skills, examination could help educates to classify different levels of students so that educates could make different educational plans based on the very student’s academic level. At last, examination could help educates to assess if the student has met the academic requirements and if students need more supporting and empowerment. In order to make better examination, educate need to make the examination more practical, reliable, validity, and difficulty. Meanwhile, in order to make examination more effective, educates need to give students a specific explanation of the results, including students’ ranking, advantages, and disadvantages.

Examination is an important method for educates to help students to study initiatively and positively. It helps students deal with their sluggishness. It accelerates students to effectively arrange their schedules and plans. Examination could be one of students’ motivate to study. Based on social learning theory (Albert Bandura), learning is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and can occur purely through observation or direct instruction. Exactly, students would be stimulated by peers’ examination result as well as their social status in the class.

In a word, both examination and assessment is a method for educates to evaluate their educational achievements, and to determine students’ academic performance, and educates’ teaching performance, which is an essential part of education. Although educates could gain those information through daily observation, it is still every external and coarse, sometimes, it is inaccurate. In order to get accurate data of students’ academic performance, educates have responsibility to make assessment whose best method could be seen as the examination for students. Thus, both examination and assessment are indispensible ingredients for educates when they advocate for students and apply their educational behaviors.

Examination works as an important part of educational assessment, however, it still cannot represent all of assessment for education. Following, I will talk something about discrepancy between examination and assessment.

Examination is a very mode of assessment, but they have essential differences between each other. Based on most educates’ experience, educates’ daily activities including dialog, lecture, and empathy directly influence the development of students because students can feel the expectations and assessment from educates. Thus, unusual assessment runs through every step in education. Students will develop prominently if educates could consciously combine stimulation and improvement of assessment with their daily unusual educational administration. It will be more effective if educates could make assessment more unusual and assess students through ordinary talking at any possible moment. However, examination, as a mode of assessment, shows more mechanized elements, in which students can only reflect their understanding of knowledge and skill in the very exam. Meanwhile, the result of the examination, sometimes, can not fully give the expression to reflect students’ real capacities, which means students’ performance will be highly effected by many unrelated ingredients such as psychological conditions, physical healthy, and preference to the very subjects or contents in the examination. Thus, it educates only assess student based their performance in the examination, the assessment will be unfairly and incomprehensively.

In order to make the examination more effective in assessment of education, it must have some modification and improvement based on traditional examinations. As a mode of assessment, innovation of examination and assessment mutually influence on each other, in which they are related to a very large extent. It announces that educates should focus on students’ learning process, thus, examination should follow this concept with assessment in its functions, contents, types, and dealing with results.

First, in the content of examination, it should emphasize on students’ connection of social activities and life experience. Examination should emphasize on checking students’ analysis abilities, and problem solving skills. That means, students should be reflected more and more an critical thinking and innovative thinking, while the examination could decrease the content that tests reciting knowledge as dry as chip. For example, in traditional examinations, it requires a lot of reciting knowledge, logical thinking styles, and speeding reading content. However, based on a large amount of research in recently years, student could not really understand knowledge and skills even they can recite concepts, formulas, and reading. Sometime, even students cannot fully recite or remember the definition, they could still solve a practical problem. It means examination should pay more attention to problems that relates to their daily life, practical experience, comprehensive thinking, and innovative behavior instead of focusing on word explanation, answering speed, or testing skills.

Second, for the pattern of the examination, educates should advocate for students and try to give students multiple opportunities, which combines various ways that could break the traditional examination’s type. Examination is just a way to assess students’ ability, however, students’ abilities could not be assessed only through examinations. All students should practice their abilities in real life, in order to make better assessment with educates. Thus, new types of examination should be flexible and various, such as self-assessment, Internet corporate, debate competition, program study, sample making, presentation, and even role plays. Students should have right to choose types of examination in different kinds of examinations. Meanwhile, in the same examination, students have right to choose different types, in which educates should give students more room to choose. Various types of examination could assess students’ abilities through different ways. Based on Heron (1988), unilateral control and assessment from educates cannot fulfill those requirements. That means, different types of examination combines with new types of educational assessment. Students who receive traditional types of education will definitely not be able to accept those new types of examinations and assessment. It requires educates use their power, new educational concepts to advocate for students, and invoke them to improve abilities.

Finally, in terms of the result of examination, educates should make specific direction and leadership, while educates should respect on informed consent of students’ examination results. Examination, as a mode of assessment, is to help students to improve their abilities and knowledge. Thus, this is the reason why educates should help students analyze their examination’s result. What important is the helpful opinions instead of stressful language.

Thus, examination as a mode of assessment, need to combine with other effective and open-ended assessment that can comprehensively assess students’ abilities. Educates should choose flexible and various types of examinations based on the goal, character, and object of examination. Meanwhile, give students more opportunities to show their abilities. And educates should give students specific opinion regard to students’ examination results.

Reference

Angelo, T and Cross, K.P. 1993. Classroom assessment techniques a handbook forcollege teachers. Jossey-Bass A Wiley Imprint, San Francisco, CA. Pp 427.

Assessment of Student Learning in STEM disciplines. A Duke University ‘TeachingIDEAS workshop’ presented by Ed Neal, Ph.D. Director of Faculty Development, Center for Teaching and Learning, University of North Carolina.

BECK, M., ARNOLD, D., BASSI, A., BERMAN, F., CASANOVA, H., DONGARRA, J., MOORE,T., OBERTELLI, G., PLANK, J. S., SWANY, M.,VADHIYAR, S., AND WOLSKI, R. Logistical computing and internetworking: Middleware for the use of storage in communication. In Third Annual International Workshop on Active Middleware Services (AMS) (San Francisco, August 2001).

BLAUM, M., BRADY, J., BRUCK, J., AND MENON, J. EVENODD: An efficient scheme for tolerating double disk failures in RAID architectures. IEEE Transactions on Computing 44, 2 (February 1995), 192– 202.

BLAUM, M., AND ROTH, R. M. On lowest density MDS codes. IEEE Transactions on Information. Theory 45, 1 (January 1999), 46–59.

Borden, V., & Zak Owens, J. L. (2001). Measuring quality: Choosing among surveys and other assessment of college quality. Washington, DC: American Council on Education and Florida State University—Association for Institutional Research.

Brown, S., Race, P., & Smith, B. (1996). 500 tips on assessment. London: Kogan Page.

Palomba, C. A., & Banta, T. W. (1999). Assessment essentials: Planning, implementing, and improving assessment in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Heron, J., (1974) The Concept of a Peer Learning Community, University of Surrey: Human Potential Research Project.

Heron, J., (1977) Behaviour Analysis in Education and Training, University of London: British Postgraduate Medical Federation.

Heron, J., (1981) 'Experiential Research Methodology' in P. Reason and J. Rowan (Eds), Human Inquiry: A Sourcebook of New Paradigm Research, Chichester: Wiley.

Heron, J., (1982), 'Peer Review Audit' in Assessment, University of London: British Postgraduate Medical Federation.

Peters, R.S., (1966) Ethics and Education, London: Allen and Unwin.

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